Condensed cyclic compound and organic light-emitting device including the same

ABSTRACT

An organic light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the organic layer including an emission layer; wherein the organic layer includes a condensed cyclic compound of Formula 1: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     The organic light-emitting device including the condensed cyclic compound may exhibit low driving voltage, high efficiency, high luminance, and long lifespan characteristics.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean PatentApplication No. 10-2015-0141690, filed on Oct. 8, 2015, in the KoreanIntellectual Property Office, the entire content of which isincorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

1. Field

One or more aspects of example embodiments of the present disclosurerelate to a condensed cyclic compound and an organic light-emittingdevice including the same.

2. Description of the Related Art

Organic light-emitting devices are self-emitting devices that have wideviewing angles, high contrast ratios, short response times, andexcellent luminance, driving voltage, and response speedcharacteristics, and can produce full-color images, compared to organiclight-emitting devices of the related art.

The organic light-emitting device of the present disclosure may includea first electrode disposed (e.g., positioned) on a substrate, and a holetransport region, an emission layer, an electron transport region, and asecond electrode that are sequentially formed on the first electrode.Holes injected from the first electrode, for example, are transported tothe emission layer through the hole transport region, and electronsinjected from the second electrode, for example, are transported to theemission layer through the electron transport region. Carriers, such asthe holes and electrons, can then recombine in the emission layer togenerate excitons. When the excitons drop from an excited state to aground state, light is emitted.

SUMMARY

One or more aspects of example embodiments of the present disclosure aredirected toward a novel condensed cyclic compound and an organiclight-emitting device including the same.

Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description whichfollows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may belearned by practice of the presented embodiments.

According to one or more example embodiments, there is provided acondensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1:

In Formula 1,

L₁ may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

a1 may be 0, 1, 2, or 3, and when a1 is 2 or more, 2 or more L₁s may beidentical to or different from each other,

A₁ may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticcondensed polycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

b1 may be 1, 2, or 3, and when b1 is 2 or more, 2 or more A₁s may beidentical to or different from each other,

R₁ to R₁₂ may be each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium,—F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, anamino group, an am idino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—N(Q₁)(Q₂), —Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅), and —B(Q₆)(Q₇),

at least one substituent of the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group,the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylenegroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀heteroarylene group, the substituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, the substituted divalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, thesubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, the substitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylgroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxygroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group may be selected from:

deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and aC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅), and —B(Q₁₆)(Q₁₇);

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂),—Si(Q₂₃)(Q₂₄)(Q₂₅), and —B(Q₂₆)(Q₂₇); and

—N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), and —B(Q₃₆)(Q₃₇),

where Q₁ to Q₇, Q₁₁ to Q₁₇, Q₂₁ to Q₂₇, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₇ may be eachindependently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group ora salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenylgroup, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

According to one or more example embodiments, there is provided anorganic light-emitting device including: a first electrode; a secondelectrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between thefirst electrode and the second electrode and including an emissionlayer; wherein the organic layer includes the condensed cyclic compounddescribed above.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and/or other aspects will become apparent and more readilyappreciated from the following description of the example embodiments,taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating an organic light-emittingdevice according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating an organic light-emittingdevice according to another example embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating an organic light-emittingdevice according to another example embodiment of the presentdisclosure; and

FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating an organic light-emittingdevice according to another example embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference will now be made in more detail to example embodiments,examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, whereinlike reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. In thisregard, the present example embodiments may have different forms andshould not be construed as being limited to the descriptions set forthherein. Accordingly, the example embodiments are merely described below,by referring to the drawings, to explain aspects of the presentdescription. Expressions such as “at least one of,” “one of,” “at leastone selected from,” and “one selected from,” when preceding a list ofelements, modify the entire list of elements and do not modify theindividual elements of the list. Further, the use of “may” whendescribing embodiments of the present invention refers to “one or moreembodiments of the present invention.”

In an example embodiment, a condensed cyclic compound may be representedby Formula 1:

L₁ in Formula 1 may be selected from a substituted or unsubstitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

In an example embodiment, L₁ in Formula 1 may be selected from:

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, anaphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, arubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, apyrrolylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, animidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, anisothiazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, apyridinylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, an isoindolylene group, an indolylene group, anindazolylene group, a purinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a carbazolylene group, aphenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylenegroup, a phenazinylene group, a benzoimidazolylene group, abenzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, anisobenzothiazolylene group, a benzoxazolylene group, anisobenzoxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group,an oxadiazolylene group, a triazinylene group, a dibenzofuranylenegroup, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, adibenzocarbazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, animidazopyridinylene group, and an imidazopyrimidinylene group; and

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, anaphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, arubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, apyrrolylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, animidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, anisothiazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, apyridinylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, an isoindolylene group, an indolylene group, anindazolylene group, a purinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a carbazolylene group, aphenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylenegroup, a phenazinylene group, a benzoimidazolylene group, abenzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, anisobenzothiazolylene group, a benzoxazolylene group, anisobenzoxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group,an oxadiazolylene group, a triazinylene group, a dibenzofuranylenegroup, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, adibenzocarbazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, animidazopyridinylene group, and an imidazopyrimidinylene group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptylgroup, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, abiphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group,a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenylgroup, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, anaphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenylgroup, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, acoronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenylgroup, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, athiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolylgroup, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group,a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and—Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅),

where Q₃₃ to Q₃₅ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

In another example embodiment, L₁ in Formula 1 may be selected from:

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, ananthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylenegroup, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a pyridinylene group, apyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, aquinolinylene group, an isoquinolinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group,a quinazolinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, a triazinylenegroup, a benzoimidazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group, and animidazopyrimidinylene group; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, ananthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylenegroup, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a pyridinylene group, apyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, aquinolinylene group, an isoquinolinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group,a quinazolinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, a triazinylenegroup, a benzoimidazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group, and animidazopyrimidinylene group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a triazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and—Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅),

where Q₃₃ to Q₃₅ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

In another example embodiment, L₁ in Formula 1 may be selected fromgroups represented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-46:

In Formulae 3-1 to 3-46,

Y₁ may be selected from O, S, C(Z₃)(Z₄), N(Z₅), and Si(Z₆)(Z₇),

Z₁ to Z₇ may be each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium,—F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, anamino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group,a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, and—Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅),

where Q₃₃ to Q₃₅ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, and a naphthyl group,

d2 may be 1 or 2,

d3 may be an integer selected from 1 to 3,

d4 may be an integer selected from 1 to 4,

d5 may be an integer selected from 1 to 5,

d6 may be an integer selected from 1 to 6,

d8 may be an integer selected from 1 to 8, and

* and *′ may each indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.

In another example embodiment, L₁ in Formula 1 may be selected fromgroups represented by Formulae 4-1 to 4-45:

In Formulae 4-1 to 4-45, * and *′ may each indicate a binding site to aneighboring atom, and “D” may refer to deuterium.

In Formula 1, a1 indicates the number of L₁, and may be 0, 1, 2, or 3.When a1 is 0, *-(L₁)_(a1)-*′ in Formula 1 indicates a single bond. Whena1 is 2 or more, 2 or more L₁s may be identical to or different fromeach other.

For example, in Formula 1, a1 may be 0, 1 or 2.

In an example embodiment, A₁ in Formula 1 may be selected from asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

In another example embodiment, A₁ in Formula 1 may be selected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group,an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenylgroup, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group,a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenylgroup, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, arubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group,a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, anisoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, anindazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinylgroup, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinylgroup, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group,a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group a dibenzosilolyl group, a thiadiazolylgroup, an imidazopyridinyl group, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group,an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenylgroup, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group,a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenylgroup, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, arubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group,a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, anisoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, anindazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinylgroup, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinylgroup, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group,a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group a dibenzosilolyl group, a thiadiazolylgroup, an imidazopyridinyl group, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptylgroup, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, abiphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group,a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenylgroup, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, anaphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenylgroup, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, acoronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenylgroup, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, athiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolylgroup, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group,a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl groupa dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinylgroup, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and —Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅).

where Q₃₃ to Q₃₅ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group and a naphthyl group.

In another example embodiment, A₁ in Formula 1 may be selected from:

an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, anisothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, anisoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group,a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aphthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, anacridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group,an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, anoxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, and animidazopyrimidinyl group; and

an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, anisothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, anisoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group,a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group a benzoquinolinyl group, aphthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, anacridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group,an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, anoxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, and animidazopyrimidinyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, acyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, acyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group,a naphthyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolylgroup, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolyl group, apurinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, abenzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and—Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅),

where Q₃₃ to Q₃₅ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, and a naphthyl group, but embodiments are not limitedthereto.

In another example embodiment, A₁ in Formula 1 may be selected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a triazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, and animidazopyrimidinyl group, and

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a triazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, and animidazopyrimidinyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium. —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a triazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and—Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅),

where Q₃₃ to Q₃₅ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

In another example embodiment, A₁ in Formula 1 may be selected fromgroups represented by Formulae 5-1 to 5-79:

In Formulae 5-1 to 5-79,

Y₃₁ may be selected from O, S, C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄), N(Z₃₅), and Si(Z₃₆)(Z₃₇),

Z₃₁ to Z₃₇ may be each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium,—F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, anamino group, an am idino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group,a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a triazinyl group, and—Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅),

where Q₃₃ to Q₃₅ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, and a naphthyl group,

e2 may by 1 or 2,

e3 may be an integer selected from 1 to 3,

e4 may be an integer selected from 1 to 4,

e5 may be an integer selected from 1 to 5,

e6 may be an integer selected from 1 to 6,

e7 may be an integer selected from 1 to 7,

e9 may be an integer selected from 1 to 9, and

* may indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.

In another example embodiment, A₁ in Formula 1 may be selected from thegroups represented by Formulae 5-21 to 5-79 above.

In another example embodiment, A₁ in Formula 1 may be selected fromgroups represented by Formulae 6-1 to 6-43 and groups represented byFormula 10-1 to 10-121, but embodiments are not limited thereto:

In Formulae 6-1 to 6-43 and 10-1 to 10-121, * may indicate a bindingsite to a neighboring atom, and “D” may refer to deuterium.

In Formula 1, b1 indicates the number of A₁, and may be 1, 2, or 3. Whenb1 is 2 or more, 2 or more A₁s may be identical to or different fromeach other.

For example, b1 in Formula 1 may be 1 or 2.

In an example embodiment, R₁ to R₁₂ in Formula 1 may be eachindependently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group ora salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid group or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₁)(Q₂), —Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅), and—B(Q₆)(Q₇), wherein Q₁ to Q₇ are as defined herein.

In another example embodiment, R₁ to R₁₂ in Formula 1 may be eachindependently selected from:

hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyrrolylgroup, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group,an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, and animidazopyrimidinyl group;

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyrrolylgroup, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group,an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, and animidazopyrimidinyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a triphenylenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, anisoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group,a benzoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group,a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a di benzothiophenyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and—Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅); and

—Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅),

where Q₃ to Q₅ and Q₃₃ to Q₃₅ may be each independently selected from aC₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

In another example embodiment, R₁ to R₁₂ in Formula 1 may be eachindependently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group ora salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxygroup, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthylgroup, and —Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅),

where Q₃ to Q₅ may be each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

In an example embodiment, R₁ to R₁₂ in Formula 1 may each be hydrogen.

In another example embodiment, the above-described condensed cycliccompound may be one of Compounds 1 to 56, but embodiments are notlimited thereto:

The condensed cyclic compound of Formula 1 may include a corerepresented by Formula 1′, and accordingly, may have excellent heatresistance, stability against charges, and/or charge transportingcapability, and/or the like. Thus, an organic light-emitting deviceincluding the condensed cyclic compound of Formula 1 may have highefficiency and long lifespan.

A method of synthesizing the condensed cyclic compound of Formula 1 maybe understood by those of ordinary skill in the art based on Examplesdescribed below.

At least one of the condensed cyclic compounds of Formula 1 may be usedbetween a pair of electrodes included in an organic light-emittingdevice. For example, the condensed cyclic compound of Formula 1 may beincluded in at least one selected from the electron transport region andemission layer. In some embodiments, the condensed cyclic compound ofFormula 1 may be used as a material for forming a capping layer, whichis positioned outside a pair of electrodes included in an organiclight-emitting device.

According to an example embodiment, there is provided an organiclight-emitting device including: a first electrode; a second electrodefacing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the firstelectrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer,wherein the organic layer may include at least one of the condensedcyclic compounds of Formula 1.

As used herein, the expression “(an organic layer) may include at leastone of the condensed cyclic compounds” may refer to “(an organic layer)may include one condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1 or atleast two different condensed cyclic compounds represented by Formula1”.

For example, the organic layer may include, as the condensed cycliccompound of Formula 1, only Compound 1. Here, Compound 1 may be includedin an electron transport layer of the organic light-emitting device.Alternatively, the organic layer may include, as the condensed cycliccompound of Formula 1, Compound 1 and Compound 2. Here, Compound 1 andCompound 2 may both be in the same layer (e.g., both Compound 1 andCompound 2 may be in an electron transport layer), or Compound 1 andCompound 2 may be in different layers from each other (e.g., Compound 1may be in an electron transport layer and Compound 2 may be in anemission layer).

The organic layer may further include: i) a hole transport regiondisposed (e.g., positioned) between the first electrode (e.g., an anode)and the emission layer and including a hole injection layer (HIL), ahole transport layer (HTL), a buffer layer, an electron blocking layer(EBL), or any combination thereof; and ii) an electron transport regiondisposed between the emission layer and the second electrode (e.g., acathode) and including a hole blocking layer (HBL), an electrontransport layer (ETL), an electron injection layer (EIL), or anycombination thereof. At least one of the electron transport region andthe emission layer may include at least one of the condensed cycliccompounds of Formula 1. For example, the electron transport regionincluded in the organic light-emitting device may include an ETL, andthe ETL may include at least one of the condensed cyclic compounds ofFormula 1. In some embodiments, the emission layer included in theorganic light-emitting device may include at least one of the condensedcyclic compounds of Formula 1. The condensed cyclic compound of Formula1 included in the emission layer may serve as a host, and the emissionlayer may further include a dopant. Here, the dopant may be aphosphorescent dopant and/or a fluorescent dopant.

The organic light-emitting device may further include at least oneselected from a first capping layer and a second capping layer, whereinthe first capping layer is disposed on a path where light generated fromthe emission layer is extracted (e.g., directed) to the outside via thefirst electrode and the second capping layer is disposed on a path wherelight generated from the emission layer is extracted to the outside viathe second electrode. Here, at least one of the first capping layer andthe second capping layer may include at least one of the condensedcyclic compounds of Formula 1.

For example, the organic light-emitting device may have i) a structurein which the first electrode, the organic layer, the second electrode,and the second capping layer are sequentially stacked in the statedorder, ii) a structure in which the first capping layer, the firstelectrode, the organic layer, and the second electrode are sequentiallystacked in the stated order, or iii) a structure in which the firstcapping layer, the first electrode, the organic layer, the secondelectrode, and the second capping layer are sequentially stacked in thestated order, wherein at least one of the first capping layer and thesecond capping layer may include at least one of the condensed cycliccompounds of Formula 1.

As used herein, the term “organic layer” may refer to a single layerand/or a plurality of layers disposed between the first electrode andthe second electrode of the organic light-emitting device. A materialincluded in the “organic layer” is not limited to just organic material.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a structure of an organiclight-emitting device 10 according to an example embodiment. The organiclight-emitting device 10 includes a first electrode 110, an organiclayer 150, and a second electrode 190.

Hereinafter, a structure of an organic light-emitting device accordingto an example embodiment and a method of manufacturing an organiclight-emitting device according to an example embodiment will bedescribed in connection with FIG. 1.

In FIG. 1, a substrate may be additionally disposed (e.g., positioned)under the first electrode 110 or above the second electrode 190. Thesubstrate may be a glass substrate or a transparent plastic substrate,each with excellent mechanical strength, thermal stability,transparency, surface smoothness, ease of handling, and/orwater-resistance.

The first electrode 110 may be formed by, for example, depositing and/orsputtering a material for forming the first electrode 110 on thesubstrate. When the first electrode 110 is an anode, the material forforming the first electrode 110 may be selected from materials having ahigh work function so as to facilitate hole injection. The firstelectrode may be a reflective electrode, a semi-transparent electrode,or a transparent electrode. The material for forming the first electrode110 may be a transparent and highly conductive material, andnon-limiting examples of such material include indium tin oxide (ITO),indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide, (SnO₂), and zinc oxide (ZnO).Alternatively, to form the first electrode 110 as a semi-transparentelectrode or a reflective electrode, the material for forming the firstelectrode 110 may be at least one selected from magnesium (Mg), aluminum(Al), aluminum-lithium (Al—Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In),and magnesium-silver (Mg—Ag).

The first electrode 110 may have a single-layer structure or amulti-layer structure including a plurality of layers. For example, thefirst electrode 110 may have a triple-layered structure of ITO/Ag/ITO,but the structure of the first electrode 110 is not limited thereto.

The organic layer 150 may be disposed on the first electrode 110 (e.g.,on top of the first electrode 110). The organic layer 150 may includethe emission layer.

The organic layer 150 may further include a hole transport regiondisposed between the first electrode 110 and the emission layer and anelectron transport region disposed between the emission layer and thesecond electrode 190.

The hole transport region may include an HIL, an HTL, a buffer layer, anelectron blocking layer EBL, or any combination thereof; and theelectron transport region may include an HBL, an ETL, an EIL, or anycombination thereof, but the hole transport region and the electrontransport region are not limited thereto.

The hole transport region may have a single-layer structure formed of asingle material, a single-layer structure formed of a plurality ofdifferent materials, or a multi-layer structure having a plurality oflayers formed of a plurality of different materials.

For example, the hole transport region may have a single-layer structureformed of a plurality of different materials, or a multi-layer structuresuch as a structure of HIL/HTL, a structure of HIL/HTL/buffer layer, astructure of HIL/buffer layer, a structure of HTL/buffer layer, or astructure of HIL/HTL/EBL. The layers of each structure may besequentially stacked from the first electrode 100 in this stated order,but the hole transport region is not limited thereto.

When the hole transport region includes an HIL, the HIL may be formed onthe first electrode 110 by utilizing various suitable methods, such asvacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, a Langmuir-Blodgett (LB)method, ink-jet printing, laser-printing, and/or a laser induced thermalimaging (LITI) method.

When an HIL is formed by vacuum deposition, the vacuum deposition may beperformed, for example, at a deposition temperature of about 100° C. toabout 500° C., at a vacuum degree of about 10⁻⁸ torr to about 10⁻³ torr,and a deposition rate of about 0.01 Å/sec to about 100 Å/sec, dependingupon a composition of a compound for forming the HIL to be deposited anda structure of the HIL to be formed.

When the HIL is formed by spin coating, the spin coating may beperformed, for example, at a coating rate of about 2,000 rpm to about5,000 rpm and at a temperature of about 80° C. to about 200° C.,depending upon a composition of a compound for forming the HIL to bedeposited and a structure of the HIL to be formed.

When the hole transport region includes an HTL, the HTL may be formed onthe first electrode 110 or the HIL by utilizing various suitablemethods, such as vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, an LB method,an ink-jet printing, a laser-printing, and/or an LITI method. When theHTL is formed by vacuum deposition and/or spin coating, the depositionand coating conditions for the HTL may be determined by referring to thedeposition and coating conditions for the HIL.

The hole transport region may include the condensed cyclic compound ofFormula 1. For example, the hole transport region may include the HTL,and the HTL may include the condensed cyclic compound of Formula 1.

In some embodiments, the hole transport region may include at least oneselected from m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB, β-NPB, TPD, Spiro-TPD,Spiro-NPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD,4,4′,4″-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine) (TCTA),polyaniline/dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI/DBSA),poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS),polyaniline/camphor sulfonic acid (PANI/CSA), polyaniline/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI/PSS), a compound represented by Formula 201, and acompound represented by Formula 202:

In Formulae 201 and 202,

descriptions of L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₅ may be each independently understood byreferring to the description of L₁ in the present specification,

xa1 to xa4 may be each independently selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3,

xa5 may be selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, and

R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₄ may be each independently selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

For example, in Formulae 201 and 202,

L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₅ may be each independently selected from:

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a pyridinylene group, apyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, aquinolinylene group, an isoquinolinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group,a quinazolinylene group, a carbazolylene group, and a triazinylenegroup; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a pyridinylene group, apyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, aquinolinylene group, an isoquinolinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group,a quinazolinylene group, a carbazolylene group, and a triazinylenegroup, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an am idino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group,

xa1 to xa4 may be each independently 0, 1 or 2,

xa5 may be 1, 2, or 3, and

R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₄ may be each independently selected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, each substituted with at leastone selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, abiphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group,a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, but embodiments are not limitedthereto.

The compound of Formula 201 may be represented by Formula 201A, but isnot limited thereto:

For example, the compound of Formula 201 may be represented by Formula201A-1, but is not limited thereto:

The compound of Formula 202 may be represented by Formula 202A, but isnot limited thereto:

In Formulae 201A, 201A-1, and 202A, descriptions of L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₃, xa1 toxa3, xa5, and R₂₀₂ to R₂₀₄ may be each independently understood byreferring to the descriptions thereof in the present disclosure, anddescriptions of R₂₁₁ and R₂₁₂ may be each independently understood byreferring to the description of R₂₀₃ in the present disclosure.

In Formulae 201A, 201A-1, and 202A, R₂₁₃ to R₂₁₇ may be eachindependently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group ora salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenylgroup, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

The compound of Formula 201 and the compound of Formula 202 may eachindependently include any of Compounds HT1 to HT20, but embodiments arenot limited thereto.

A thickness of the hole transport region may be in a range of about 100Å to about 10,000 Å, for example, about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å. When thehole transport region includes at least one selected from an HIL and anHTL, a thickness of the HIL may be in a range of about 100 Å to about10,000 Å, for example, about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å, and a thickness ofthe HTL may be in a range of about 50 Å to about 2,000 Å, for example,about 100 Å to about 1,500 Å. When the thicknesses of the hole transportregion, HIL, and the HTL are within any of these ranges, satisfactory(or suitable) hole transporting properties may be obtained without asubstantial increase in driving voltage.

The hole transport region may further include, in addition to thematerials described above, a charge-generating material to improveconductive property. The charge-generating material may be homogeneouslyor non-homogeneously dispersed throughout the hole transport region.

The charge-generating material may be, for example, a p-dopant. Thep-dopant may be selected from a quinone derivative, a metal oxide, and acyano group-containing compound, but embodiments are not limitedthereto. Examples of the p-dopant include quinone derivatives (such astetracyanoquinonedimethane (TCNQ) and/or2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-tetracyano-1,4-benzoquinonedimethane (F4-TCNQ));metal oxides (such as tungsten oxide and/or molybdenum oxide); andCompound HT-D1, but embodiments are not limited thereto:

The hole transport region may further include, in addition to the HILand the HTL described above, at least one selected from a buffer layerand an EBL. The buffer layer may compensate for an optical resonancedistance according to a wavelength of light emitted from the emissionlayer, and thus, a light-emission efficiency of the formed organiclight-emitting device may be improved. The buffer layer may include anysuitable material utilized in the hole transport region. The EBL mayserve as a functional layer that prevents or reduces the diffusion ofelectrons into the electron transport region.

The emission layer may be disposed on the first electrode 110 or on thehole transport region by utilizing various suitable methods, such asvacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, an LB method, an ink-jetprinting, a laser-printing, and/or an LITI method. When the emissionlayer is formed by vacuum deposition and/or spin coating, the depositionand coating conditions for the emission layer may be determined byreferring to the deposition and coating conditions for the HIL.

When the organic light-emitting device 10 is a full-color organiclight-emitting device, the emission layer may be patterned into a redemission layer, a green emission layer, and a blue emission layeraccording to each individual sub-pixel. Alternatively, the emissionlayer may have a multi-layer structure in which a red emission layer, agreen emission layer, and a blue emission layer are stacked on eachother, or a single-layer structure including a red-light emittingmaterial, a green-light emitting material, and a blue-light emittingmaterial, to thereby emit white light.

The emission layer may include a host and a dopant. The host may includethe condensed cyclic compound of Formula 1. When the emission layerincludes the condensed cyclic compound, which acts as the host, and thedopant, an amount of the condensed cyclic compound in the emission layermay be greater than an amount of the dopant in the emission layer.

In some embodiments, the host may include a compound represented byFormula 301:

Ar₃₀₁-[(L₃₀₁)_(xb1)-R₃₀₁]_(xb2).  Formula 301

In Formula 301,

Ar₃₀₁ may be selected from:

a naphthalene group, a heptalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphene group, and an indenoanthracene group, and

a naphthalene group, a heptalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphene group, and an indenoanthracene group, each substituted withat least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, and —Si(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂)(Q₃₀₃) (where Q₃₀₁to Q₃₀₃ may be each independently selected from hydrogen, a C₁-C₆₀ alkylgroup, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, and a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group),

a description of L₃₀₁ may be understood by referring to the descriptionof L₁ in the present specification,

R₃₀₁ may be selected from:

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group,

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group,

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, and a triazinyl group, each substituted with at leastone selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, abiphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group,a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group,a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, and atriazinyl group,

xb1 may be selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3, and

xb2 may be selected from 1, 2, 3, and 4.

For example, in Formula 301,

L₃₀₁ may be selected from:

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a pyrenylene group, and a chrysenylene group; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a pyrenylene group, and a chrysenylene group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group, and

R₃₀₁ may be selected from:

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group;

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group; and

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group, each substituted with at least oneselected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an am idino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, abiphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group,a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, anda chrysenyl group, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

For example, the host may include a compound represented by Formula301A:

Descriptions of substituents in Formula 301A may be each independentlyunderstood by referring to the descriptions thereof in the presentspecification.

The compound of Formula 301 may include at least one of Compounds H1 toH42, but is not limited thereto:

In some embodiments, the host may include at least one of Compounds H43to H49, but is not limited thereto:

In some embodiments, the host may include one of compounds below, but isnot limited thereto:

The dopant included in the emission layer may include a phosphorescentdopant and/or a fluorescent dopant.

The phosphorescent dopant may include an organometallic complexrepresented by Formula 401:

In Formula 401,

M may be selected from iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), osmium (Os),titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium(Tb), and thulium (Tm),

X₄₀₁ to X₄₀₄ may be each independently nitrogen or carbon,

rings A₄₀₁ and A₄₀₂ may be each independently selected from asubstituted or unsubstituted benzene group, a substituted orunsubstituted naphthalene group, a substituted or unsubstituted fluorenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted spiro-bifluorene group, asubstituted or unsubstituted indene group, a substituted orunsubstituted pyrrole group, a substituted or unsubstituted thiophenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted furan group, a substituted orunsubstituted imidazole group, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrazolegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted thiazole group, a substituted orunsubstituted isothiazole group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxazolegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted isoxazole group, a substituted orunsubstituted pyridine group, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrazinegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrimidine group, a substituted orunsubstituted pyridazine group, a substituted or unsubstituted quinolinegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted isoquinoline group, a substitutedor unsubstituted benzoquinoline group, a substituted or unsubstitutedquinoxaline group, a substituted or unsubstituted quinazoline group, asubstituted or unsubstituted carbazole group, a substituted orunsubstituted benzoimidazole group, a substituted or unsubstitutedbenzofuran group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzothiophene group, asubstituted or unsubstituted isobenzothiophene group, a substituted orunsubstituted benzoxazole group, a substituted or unsubstitutedisobenzoxazole group, a substituted or unsubstituted triazole group, asubstituted or unsubstituted oxadiazole group, a substituted orunsubstituted triazine group, a substituted or unsubstituteddibenzofuran group, and a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophenegroup,

at least one substituent of the substituted benzene group, thesubstituted naphthalene group, the substituted fluorene group, thesubstituted spiro-bifluorene group, the substituted indene group, thesubstituted pyrrole group, the substituted thiophene group, thesubstituted furan group, the substituted imidazole group, thesubstituted pyrazole group, the substituted thiazole group, thesubstituted isothiazole group, the substituted oxazole group, thesubstituted isoxazole group, the substituted pyridine group, thesubstituted pyrazine group, the substituted pyrimidine group, thesubstituted pyridazine group, the substituted quinoline group, thesubstituted isoquinoline group, the substituted benzoquinoline group,the substituted quinoxaline group, the substituted quinazoline group,the substituted carbazole group, the substituted benzoimidazole group,the substituted benzofuran group, the substituted benzothiophene group,the substituted isobenzothiophene group, the substituted benzoxazolegroup, the substituted isobenzoxazole group, the substituted triazolegroup, the substituted oxadiazole group, the substituted triazine group,the substituted dibenzofuran group, and the substituted dibenzothiophenegroup may be selected from:

deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an am idino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and aC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—N(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂), —Si(Q₄₀₃)(Q₄₀₄)(Q₄₀₅), and —B(Q₄₀₆)(Q₄₀₇);

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, aC₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₄₁₁)(Q₄₁₂),—Si(Q₄₁₃)(Q₄₁₄)(Q₄₁₅), and —B(Q₄₁₆)(Q₄₁₇); and

—N(Q₄₂₁)(Q₄₂₂), —Si(Q₄₂₃)(Q₄₂₄)(Q₄₂₅), and —B(Q₄₂₆)(Q₄₂₇),

wherein Q₄₀₁ to Q₄₀₇, Q₄₁₁ to Q₄₁₇, and Q₄₂₁ to Q₄₂₇ in Formula 401 maybe each independently selected from hydrogen, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, and a C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup;

L₄₀₁ may be an organic ligand,

xc1 may be 1, 2, or 3, and

xc2 may be 0, 1, 2, or 3.

L₄₀₁ in Formula 401 may be a monovalent organic ligand, a divalentorganic ligand, or a trivalent organic ligand. For example, L₄₀₁ inFormula 401 may be selected from a halogen ligand (e.g., Cl and/or F), adiketone ligand (e.g., acetylacetonate, 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedionate, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate, and/or hexafluoroacetonate), a carboxylic acid ligand (e.g., picolinate,dimethyl-3-pyrazolecarboxylate, and/or benzoate), a carbon monoxideligand, an isonitrile ligand, a cyano group ligand, and a phosphorusligand (e.g., phosphine and/or phosphite), but is not limited thereto.

When ring A₄₀₁ in Formula 401 has two or more substituents, theplurality of substituents of ring A₄₀₁ may bind to each other to form asaturated or unsaturated ring.

When ring A₄₀₂ in Formula 401 has two or more substituents, theplurality of substituents of ring A₄₀₂ may bind to each other to form asaturated or unsaturated ring.

When xc1 in Formula 401 is 2 or more, a plurality of ligands deonoted as

may be identical to or different from each other. When xc1 in Formula401 is 2 or more, rings A₄₀₁ and A₄₀ may each independently berespectively connected (or coupled) to rings A₄₀₁ and A₄₀₂ of otherneighboring ligands, either directly (e.g., via a bond such as a singlebond) or via a linking group (e.g., a C₁₋₅ alkylene group, *—O—*′*—S—*′, *—N(R′)—*′ (where R′ is a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group or a C₆-C₂₀ arylgroup) and/or *—C(═O)—*′).

The phosphorescent dopant may be, for example, selected from CompoundsPD1 to PD75, but is not limited thereto:

The fluorescent dopant may include a compound represented by Formula501:

In Formula 501,

Ar₅₀₁ may be selected from:

a naphthalene group, a heptalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphene group, and an indenoanthracene group; and

a naphthalene group, a heptalene group, a fluorene group,spiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphene group, and an indenoanthracene group, each substituted withat least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an am idino group,a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group,a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, and —Si(Q₅₀₁)(Q₅₀₂)(Q₅₀₃) (where Q₅₀₁to Q₅₀₃ may be each independently selected from hydrogen, a C₁-C₆₀ alkylgroup, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, and a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group),

descriptions of L₅₀₁ to L₅₀₃ may be each understood by referring to thedescription of L₁ in the present specification,

R₅₀₁ and R₅₀₂ may be each independently selected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group; and

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group,a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group,

xd1 to xd3 may be each independently selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3, and

xd4 may be selected from 1, 2, 3, and 4.

The fluorescent dopant may include at least one of Compounds FD1 to FD9:

The amount of the dopant included in the emission layer may be in arange of about 0.01 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight based on100 parts by weight of the host, but the amount of the dopant is notlimited thereto.

A thickness of the emission layer may be in a range of about 100 Å toabout 1,000 Å, for example, about 200 Å to about 600 Å. When thethickness of the emission layer is within any of these ranges, theemission layer may have excellent (or suitable) light-emittingproperties without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

In some embodiments, the fluorescent dopant may be selected fromcompounds below, but is not limited thereto:

The electron transport region may be disposed on the emission layer.

The electron transport region may includean HBL, an ETL, an EIL, or anycombination thereof, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

For example, the electron transport region may have a structure ofETL/EIL or a structure of HBL/ETL/EIL, wherein the layers of eachstructure are sequentially stacked in the stated order from the emissionlayer, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

According to an example embodiment, the organic layer 150 included inthe organic light-emitting device 10 may include the electron transportregion disposed between the emission layer and the second electrode 190.

The electron transport region may include the condensed cyclic compoundof Formula 1.

When the electron transport region includes an HBL, the HBL may beformed on the emission layer by utilizing various suitable methods, suchas vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, an LB method, an ink-jetprinting, a laser-printing, and/or an LITI method. When the HBL isformed by vacuum deposition and/or spin coating, the deposition andcoating conditions for the HBL may be determined by referring to thedeposition and coating conditions for the HIL.

The HBL may include, for example, at least one selected from BCP andBphen below, but embodiments are not limited thereto:

A thickness of the HBL may be in a range of about 20 Å to about 1,000 Å,for example, about 30 Å to about 300 Å. When the thickness of the HBL iswithin any of these ranges, satisfactory (or suitable) hole blockingproperties may be obtained without a substantial increase in drivingvoltage.

The electron transport region may include an ETL. The ETL may be formedon the emission layer or on the HBL by utilizing various suitablemethods, such as vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, an LB method,an ink-jet printing, a laser-printing, and/or an LITI method. When theETL is formed by vacuum deposition and/or spin coating, the depositionand coating conditions for the ETL may be determined by referring to thedeposition and coating conditions for the HIL.

The ETL may include the condensed cyclic compound of Formula 1.

A thickness of the ETL may be in a range of about 100 Å to about 1,000Å, for example, about 150 Å to about 500 Å. When the thickness of theETL is within any of these ranges, satisfactory (or suitable) electrontransporting properties may be obtained without a substantial increasein driving voltage.

The ETL may further include, in addition to the materials describedabove, a metal-containing material.

The metal-containing material may include a Li complex. The Li complexmay include, for example, Compound ET-D1(8-hydroxyquinolinolato-lithium, LiQ) and/or Compound ET-D2:

The electron transport region may include an EIL that facilitateselectron injection from the second electrode 190.

The EIL may be formed on the ETL by utilizing various suitable methods,such as vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, an LB method, anink-jet printing, a laser-printing, and/or an LITI method. When the EILis formed by vacuum deposition and/or spin coating, the deposition andcoating conditions for the EIL may be determined by referring to thedeposition and coating conditions for the HIL.

The EIL may include at least one selected from LiF, NaCl, CsF, Li₂O,BaO, and LiQ.

A thickness of the EIL may be in a range of about 1 Å to about 100 Å,for example, about 3 Å to about 90 Å. When the thickness of the EIL iswithin any of these ranges, satisfactory (or suitable) electroninjecting properties may be obtained without a substantial increase indriving voltage.

The second electrode 190 may be disposed on the organic layer 150. Thesecond electrode 190 may be a cathode that is an electron injectionelectrode. In this regard, a material for forming the second electrode190 may be a material having a low work function, and non-limitingexamples thereof include a metal, an alloy, an electrically conductivecompound, and a mixture thereof, each with a low work function. Forexample, the material for forming the second electrode 190 may includelithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al—Li),calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In), and/or magnesium-silver (Mg—Ag).In some embodiments, the material for forming the second electrode 190may be ITO and/or IZO. The second electrode 190 may be asemi-transparent electrode or a transparent electrode.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an organiclight-emitting device 20 in which a first capping layer 210, the firstelectrode 110, the organic layer 150, and the second electrode 190 aresequentially stacked, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of anorganic light-emitting device 30 in which the first electrode 110, theorganic layer 150, the second electrode 190, and a second capping layer220 are sequentially stacked, and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of astructure of an organic light-emitting device 40 in which the firstcapping layer 210, the first electrode 110, the organic layer 150, thesecond electrode 190, and the second capping layer 220 are sequentiallystacked.

In FIGS. 2 to 4, descriptions of the first electrode 110, the organiclayer 150, and the second electrode 190 may be understood by referringto the descriptions thereof provided in connection with FIG. 1 of thepresent specification.

Light generated from the emission layer included in the organic layer150 of the organic light-emitting device 20 or 40 may be extracted(e.g., directed) to the outside via the first electrode 110 (which maybe a semi-transparent electrode or a transparent electrode) and thefirst capping layer 210. Meanwhile, light generated from the emissionlayer included in the organic layer 150 of the organic light-emittingdevice 30 or 40 may be extracted to the outside via the second electrode190 (which may be a semi-transparent electrode or a transparentelectrode) and the second capping layer 220.

The first capping layer 210 and the second capping layer 220 may eachserve to improve the external light emission efficiency according to aconstructive interference principle.

The first capping layer 210 shown in FIG. 2 and the second capping layer220 shown in FIG. 3 may each include the condensed cyclic compound ofFormula 1.

At least one of the first capping layer 210 and the second capping layer220 shown in FIG. 4 may include the condensed cyclic compound of Formula1.

In some embodiments, when the condensed cyclic compound of Formula 1 isincluded in the first capping layer 210 and/or the second capping layer220, the organic layer 150 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 may not include thecondensed cyclic compound of Formula 1.

Hereinbefore, the organic light-emitting device 10 has been describedwith reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto.

A C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group as used herein may refer to a linear or branchedaliphatic hydrocarbon monovalent group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, andnon-limiting examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, apropyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a ter-butyl group, apentyl group, an iso-amyl group, and a hexyl group. A C₁-C₆₀ alkylenegroup as used herein may refer to a divalent group having the samestructure as the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group.

A C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group as used herein may refer to a monovalent grouprepresented by —OA₁₀₁ (where A₁₀₁ is the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group), andnon-limiting examples thereof include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group,and an isopropoxy group.

A C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group as used herein may refer to a hydrocarbon grouphaving at least one carbon-carbon double bond at one or more positionsalong a hydrocarbon chain of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group (e.g., in the middleor at either terminal end of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group), and non-limitingexamples thereof include an ethenyl group, a propenyl group, and abutenyl group. A C₂-C₆₀ alkenylene group as used herein may refer to adivalent group having the same structure as the C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group.

A C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group as used herein may refer to a hydrocarbon grouphaving at least one carbon-carbon triple bond at one or more positionsalong a hydrocarbon chain of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group (e.g., in the middleor at either terminal end of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group), and non-limitingexamples thereof include an ethynyl group and a propynyl group. A C₂-C₆₀alkynylene group as used herein may refer to a divalent group having thesame structure as the C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group.

A C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group as used herein may refer to a monovalenthydrocarbon monocyclic saturated group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, andnon-limiting examples thereof include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutylgroup, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cycloheptyl group.A C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group as used herein may refer to a divalentgroup having the same structure as the C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group.

A C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group as used herein may refer to a monovalentmonocyclic group having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, P,Si and S as a ring-forming atom and 1 to 10 carbon atoms, andnon-limiting examples thereof include a tetrahydrofuranyl group and atetrahydrothiophenyl group. A C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group as usedherein may refer to a divalent group having the same structure as theC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group.

A C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group as used herein may refer to a monovalentmonocyclic group that has 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one doublebond in the ring thereof and does not have aromaticity (e.g., the ringis not aromatic), and non-limiting examples thereof include acyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, and a cycloheptenyl group. AC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group as used herein may refer to a divalentgroup having the same structure as the C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group.

A C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group as used herein may refer to amonovalent monocyclic group that has at least one heteroatom selectedfrom N, O, P, Si, and S as a ring-forming atom, 1 to 10 carbon atoms,and at least one double bond in the ring. Non-limiting examples of theC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group include a 2,3-dihydrofuranyl group and a2,3-dihydrothiophenyl group. A C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylene group asused herein may refer to a divalent group having the same structure asthe C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group.

A C₆-C₆₀ aryl group as used herein may refer to a monovalent grouphaving a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, and aC₆-C₆₀ arylene group as used herein may refer to a divalent group havinga carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms. Non-limitingexamples of the substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group include aphenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, ananthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, a pyrenyl group, and achrysenyl group. When the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group and the C₆-C₆₀ arylene groupeach independently include two or more rings, the respective rings maybe fused to each other or may be linked with each other via a singlebond.

A C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group as used herein may refer to a monovalent grouphaving a cyclic aromatic system that has at least one heteroatomselected from N, 0, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, and 1 to 60carbon atoms. A C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group as used herein may refer to adivalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system that has at leastone heteroatom selected from N, O, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, and1 to 60 carbon atoms. Non-limiting examples of the C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup include a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, and anisoquinolinyl group. When the C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group and the C₁-C₆₀heteroarylene group each independently include two or more rings, therespective rings may be fused to each other or may be linked with eachother via a single bond.

A C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group as used herein may refer to a monovalent grouprepresented by —OA₁₀₂ (where A₁₀₂ is the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group), and aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group as used herein may refer to a monovalent grouprepresented by —SA₁₀₃ (where A₁₀₃ is the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group).

A monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group as used herein mayrefer to a monovalent group that has two or more rings condensed (e.g.,fused) to each other, has only carbon atoms as ring-forming atoms (e.g.,8 to 60 carbon atoms), and has non-aromaticity in the entire molecularstructure (e.g., does not have overall aromaticity). A non-limitingexample of the monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groupincludes a fluorenyl group. A divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclicgroup as used herein may refer to a divalent group having the samestructure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group.

A monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group as usedherein may refer to a monovalent group that has two or more ringscondensed (e.g., fused) to each other, has at least one heteroatomselected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, in addition tocarbon atoms (e.g., 1 to 60 carbon atoms), and has non-aromaticity inthe entire molecular structure (e.g., does not have overallaromaticity). A non-limiting example of the monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group includes a carbozolyl group. A divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group as used herein may referto a divalent group having the same structure as the monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

In the present specification, at least one substituent of thesubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group,the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylene group, the substitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylene group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group, thesubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, thesubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, thesubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxygroup, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, thesubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀arylthio group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, the substitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group may be selectedfrom:

deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and aC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅), and —B(Q₁₆)(Q₁₇),

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂),—Si(Q₂₃)(Q₂₄)(Q₂₆), and —B(Q₂₆)(Q₂₇); and

—N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), and —B(Q₃₆)(Q₃₇),

where Q₁₁ to Q₁₇, Q₂₁ to Q₂₇, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₇ may be each independentlyselected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and amonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

The term “biphenyl group” as used herein may refer to a monovalent groupin which two benzene rings are linked together via a single bond, andthe term “terphenyl group” as used herein may refer to a monovalentgroup in which three benzene rings are linked together via a singlebond.

The term “Ph” as used herein may refer to a phenyl group, the term “Me”as used herein may refer to a methyl group, the term “Et” as used hereinmay refer to an ethyl group, and the term “ter-Bu” or “Bu^(t)” as usedherein may refer to a tert-butyl group.

Hereinafter, an organic light-emitting device according to one or moreembodiments of the present inventive concept will be described in moredetail with reference to Synthesis Examples and Examples. The expression“B was used instead of A” used in describing Synthesis Examples mayrefer to a molar equivalent of A being identical to a molar equivalentof B. The expression “eq” may refer to a molar equivalent.

EXAMPLES Synthesis of Intermediate-1 (Int-1)

9-bromo-1H-phenalene (1 eq), (2-nitrophenyl)boronic acid (1.2 eq),Pd(PPh₃)₄ (0.02 eq), and Na₂CO₃ (1.2 eq) were mixed with a mixture oftoluene, distilled water, and ethanol (0.1M) (mixed at a ratio of5:3:2), and then, the mixed solution was stirred under reflux for 12hours. The resulting solution was cooled to room temperature, subjectedto an extraction process using methylene chloride (MC), and washed withdistilled water. The resulting products obtained therefrom were dried byusing magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) and distilled under reduced pressure,and then, the resulting products were purified by column chromatography,thereby obtaining Intermediate-1 (Int-1, yield: 79.2%). Int-1 wasidentified by performing elemental analysis and High-resolution massspectrometry (HRMS).

Elemental Analysis for C₁₉H₁₃NO₂ calcd: C, 79.43; H, 4.56; N, 4.88; 0,11.14.

HRMS for C₁₉H₁₃NO₂ [M]+: calcd: 287.32. found: 286.

Synthesis of Intermediate-2 (Int-2)

5 g of Intermediate-1 (Int-1) was dissolved in 15 g oftriethylphosphite, and then, the mixed solution was stirred under refluxfor 12 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere. After the completion of thereaction, the resulting solution was subjected to vacuum distillation toremove remaining triethylphosphite, and the resulting products werepurified by column chromatography (using hexane:MC=4:1 (v/v)), therebyobtaining Intermediate-2 (Int-2, yield: 46.5%). Int-2 was identified byperforming elemental analysis and HRMS.

Elemental Analysis for C₁₉H₁₃N calcd: C, 89.38; H, 5.13; N, 5.49.

HRMS for C₁₉H₁₃N [M]+: calcd: 255.32. found: 254.

Synthesis Example 1: Synthesis of Compound 1

Pd(dba)₃ (0.03 eq), (t-Bu)₃P (0.06 eq), and toluene (0.1M) were added toa flask containing Int-2 (1 eq) and5-(3-bromophenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline (1.2 eq), and then, the mixedsolution was stirred under reflux for 12 hours. The resulting solutionwas cooled to room temperature, and then subjected to an extractionprocess using MC, and washed with distilled water. The resultingproducts obtained therefrom were dried by using MgSO₄, and distilledunder reduced pressure, and then, the resulting products were purifiedby column chromatography, thereby obtaining Compound 1 (yield: 86.4%).Compound 1 was identified by performing elemental analysis and HRMS.

Elemental Analysis for C₃₇H₂₃N₃ calcd: C, 87.20; H, 4.55; N, 8.25.

HRMS for C₃₇H₂₃N₃ [M]+: calcd: 509.61. found: 508.

Synthesis Example 2: Synthesis of Compound 3

Compound 3 (yield: 71%) was synthesized in the same (or substantiallythe same) manner as in Synthesis Example 1, except that5-(6-bromonaphthalen-1-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline was used instead of5-(3-bromophenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline. Compound 3 was identified byperforming elemental analysis and HRMS.

Elemental Analysis for C₄₁H₂₅N₃ calcd: C, 87.99; H, 4.50; N, 7.51.

HRMS for C₄₁H₂₅N₃ [M]+: calcd: 559.67. found: 558.

Synthesis Example 3: Synthesis of Compound 5

Compound 5 (yield: 82.6%) was synthesized in the same (or substantiallythe same) manner as in Synthesis Example 1, except that5,5′-(5-bromo-1,3-phenylene)bis(1,10-phenanthroline) was used instead of5-(3-bromophenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline. Compound 5 was identified byperforming elemental analysis and HRMS.

Elemental Analysis for C₄₉H₂₉N₅ calcd: C, 85.57; H, 4.25; N, 10.18.

HRMS for C₄₉H₂₉N₅ [M]+: calcd: 687.81. found: 686.

Synthesis Example 4: Synthesis of Compound 7

Compound 7 (yield: 77.4%) was synthesized in the same (or substantiallythe same) manner as in Synthesis Example 1, except that5-(3-bromoquinolin-8-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline was used instead of5-(3-bromophenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline. Compound 7 was identified byperforming elemental analysis and HRMS.

Elemental Analysis for C₄₀H₂₄N₄ calcd: C, 85.69; H, 4.31; N, 9.99.

HRMS for C₄₀H₂₄N₄ [M]+: calcd: 560.66. found: 559.

Synthesis Example 5: Synthesis of Compound 9

Compound 9 (yield: 84.7%) was synthesized in the same (or substantiallythe same) manner as in Synthesis Example 1, except that5-(4-bromophenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline was used instead of5-(3-bromophenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline. Compound 9 was identified byperforming elemental analysis and HRMS.

Elemental Analysis for C₃₇H₂₃N₃ calcd: C, 87.20; H, 4.55; N, 8.25.

HRMS for C₃₇H₂₃N₃ [M]+: calcd: 509.61. found: 508.

Synthesis Example 6: Synthesis of Compound 20

Compound 20 (yield: 71.4%) was synthesized in the same (or substantiallythe same) manner as in Synthesis Example 1, except that3-(4-bromophenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline was used instead of5-(3-bromophenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline. Compound 20 was identified byperforming elemental analysis and HRMS.

Elemental Analysis for C₃₇H₂₃N₃ calcd: C, 87.20; H, 4.55; N, 8.25.

HRMS for C₃₇H₂₃N₃ [M]+: calcd: 509.61. found: 508.

Synthesis Example 7: Synthesis of Compound 22

Compound 22 (yield: 77.1%) was synthesized in the same (or substantiallythe same) manner as in Synthesis Example 1, except that3-(5-bromo-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline was used instead of5-(3-bromophenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline. Compound 22 was identified byperforming elemental analysis and HRMS.

Elemental Analysis for C₄₃H₂₇N₃ calcd: C, 88.18; H, 4.65; N, 7.17.

HRMS for C₄₃H₂₇N₃ [M]+: calcd: 585.71. found: 584.

Synthesis Example 8: Synthesis of Compound 24

Compound 24 (yield: 72%) was synthesized in the same (or substantiallythe same) manner as in Synthesis Example 1, except that3-(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline was used instead of5-(3-bromophenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline. Compound 24 was identified byperforming elemental analysis and HRMS.

Elemental Analysis for C₃₆H₂₂N₄ calcd: C, 84.68; H, 4.34; N, 10.97.

HRMS for C₃₆H₂₂N₄ [M]+: calcd: 510.60. found: 509.

Synthesis Example 9: Synthesis of Compound 26

Compound 26 (yield: 73%) was synthesized in the same (or substantiallythe same) manner as in Synthesis Example 1, except that3-(4-bromo-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline was used instead of5-(3-bromophenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline. Compound 26 was identified byperforming elemental analysis and HRMS.

Elemental Analysis for C₃₉H₂₇N₃ calcd: C, 87.12; H, 5.06; N, 7.82.

HRMS for C₃₉H₂₇N₃ [M]+: calcd: 537.67. found: 536.

Synthesis Example 10: Synthesis of Compound 28

Compound 28 (yield: 72.6%) was synthesized in the same (or substantiallythe same) manner as in Synthesis Example 1, except that3-(6-bromo-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline was used instead of5-(3-bromophenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline. Compound 28 was identified byperforming elemental analysis and HRMS.

Elemental Analysis for C₄₃H₂₇N₃ calcd: C, 88.18; H, 4.65; N, 7.17.

HRMS for C₄₃H₂₇N₃ [M]+: calcd: 585.71. found: 584.

Synthesis Example 11: Synthesis of Compound 30

Compound 30 (yield: 72.6%) was synthesized in the same (or substantiallythe same) manner as in Synthesis Example 1, except that3-(4-bromo-isoquinolin-1-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline was used instead of5-(3-bromophenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline. Compound 30 was identified byperforming elemental analysis and HRMS.

Elemental Analysis for C₄₃H₂₇N₃ calcd: C, 88.18; H, 4.65; N, 7.17.

HRMS for C₄₃H₂₇N₃ [M]+: calcd: 585.71. found: 584.

Example 1

As a substrate and an anode, a 15 Ω/cm² (1,200 Å) glass substrate, onwhich an indium tin oxide (ITO) anode (manufactured by Corning, Inc.)was formed, was cut into a size of 50 mm×50 mm×0.7 mm, ultrasonicallywashed with isopropyl alcohol and pure water, each for 5 minutes.Afterwards, the ITO glass substrate was irradiated by UV light for 30minutes, cleaned by exposure to ozone, and then, mounted on a vacuumdepositor.

2-TNATA was vacuum-deposited on the ITO anode of the glass substrate toform an HIL having a thickness of 600 Å, and then,4,4′-bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (hereinafter, referred toas NPB) was vacuum-deposited on the HIL to form an HTL having athickness of 300 Å.

CBP (as a host) and Ir(ppy)₃ (as a dopant) were co-deposited at a weightratio of 85:15 on the HTL to form an emission layer having a thicknessof 300 Å.

Compound 1 was deposited on the emission layer to form an ETL having athickness of 300 Å, and LiF was deposited on the ETL to form an EILhaving a thickness of 10 Å. Then, Al was deposited on the EIL to form acathode having a thickness of 1,200 Å, thereby manufacturing an organiclight-emitting device.

Examples 2 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2

Organic light-emitting devices were manufactured in the same (orsubstantially the same) manner as in Example 1, except that in formingthe ETL or the emission layer, compounds listed in Table 1 wererespectively used instead of Compound 1 or CBP.

Evaluation Example 1

The efficiency and lifespan (T₉₅) of the organic light-emitting devicesof Examples 1 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were evaluated byusing a Keithley SMU 236 and a luminance meter PR650. The results areshown in Table 1. Here, the lifespan (T₉₅) results were obtained bymeasuring the time at which the luminance (@ 6,000 nit) of an organiclight-emitting device was 95% of the initial luminance.

TABLE 1 Lifespan (T₉₅) Host in Efficiency (hr @ emission layer ETL(cd/A) 6,000 nit) Example 1 CBP Compound 1 47.3 970 Example 2 CBPCompound 3 44.1 921 Example 3 CBP Compound 5 45 943 Example 4 CBPCompound 7 49.5 921 Example 5 CBP Compound 9 50.2 991 Example 6 CBPCompound 20 41.5 937 Example 7 CBP Compound 22 46.8 897 Example 8 CBPCompound 24 43.9 911 Example 9 CBP Compound 26 46.1 956 Example 10 CBPCompound 28 45.7 971 Example 11 Compound 1 Alq₃ 56.1 726 Example 12Compound 5 Alq₃ 57.4 744 Example 13 Compound 26 Alq₃ 49.1 710 Example 14Compound 30 Alq₃ 52.7 684 Comparative CBP Alq₃ 39.8 456 Example 1Comparative CBP Compound A 41.4 667 Example 2

1

3

5

7

9

20

22

24

26

28

30

A

Referring to Table 1, it can be seen that the organic light-emittingdevices of Examples 1 to 10 had excellent efficiencies and lifespanscompared to those of the organic light-emitting devices of ComparativeExamples 1 and 2, and that the organic light-emitting devices ofExamples 11 to 14 had excellent efficiencies and lifespans compared tothose of the organic light-emitting device of Comparative Example 1.

As described above, according to certain embodiments, an organiclight-emitting device including a condensed cyclic compound may exhibitlow driving voltage, high efficiency, high luminance, and long lifespancharacteristics.

As used herein, the terms “use,” “using,” and “used” may be consideredsynonymous with the terms “utilize,” “utilizing,” and “utilized,”respectively.

In addition, the terms “substantially,” “about,” and similar terms areused as terms of approximation and not as terms of degree, and areintended to account for the inherent deviations in measured orcalculated values that would be recognized by those of ordinary skill inthe art.

Also, any numerical range recited herein is intended to include allsub-ranges of the same numerical precision subsumed within the recitedrange. For example, a range of “1.0 to 10.0” is intended to include allsubranges between (and including) the recited minimum value of 1.0 andthe recited maximum value of 10.0, that is, having a minimum value equalto or greater than 1.0 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.0,such as, for example, 2.4 to 7.6. Any maximum numerical limitationrecited herein is intended to include all lower numerical limitationssubsumed therein and any minimum numerical limitation recited in thisspecification is intended to include all higher numerical limitationssubsumed therein. Accordingly, Applicant reserves the right to amendthis specification, including the claims, to expressly recite anysub-range subsumed within the ranges expressly recited herein.

It will be further understood that the terms, such as “comprises,”“comprising,” “includes”, and/or “including”, when used in thisspecification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps,operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude thepresence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps,operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

It should be understood that example embodiments described herein shouldbe considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes oflimitation. Descriptions of features or aspects within each exampleembodiment should typically be considered as available for other similarfeatures or aspects in other example embodiments.

While one or more example embodiments have been described with referenceto the drawings, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in theart that various changes in form and details may be made therein withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as definedby the following claims and equivalents thereof.

What is claimed is:
 1. A condensed cyclic compound represented byFormula 1:

wherein, in Formula 1, L₁ is selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a1 is 0, 1, 2, or 3, andwhen a1 is 2 or more, a plurality of L₁s are identical to or differentfrom each other, A₁ is selected from a substituted or unsubstitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, b1 is 1, 2, or 3, andwhen b1 is 2 or more, a plurality of A₁ s are identical to or differentfrom each other, R₁ to R₁₂ are each independently selected fromhydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an am idino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxygroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₁)(Q₂), —Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅), and —B(Q₆)(Q₇), andat least one substituent of the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group,the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylenegroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀heteroarylene group, the substituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, the substituted divalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, thesubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, the substitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylgroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxygroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group is selected from: deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group ora salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenylgroup, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group; a C₁-C₆₀ alkylgroup, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and a C₁-C₆₀alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazonegroup, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid groupor a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂),—Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅), and —B(Q₁₆)(Q₁₇); a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, aC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group; a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with at least oneselected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinegroup, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —Si(Q₂₃)(Q₂₄)(Q₂₅), and—B(Q₂₆)(Q₂₇); and —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), and —B(Q₃₆)(Q₃₇),wherein Q₁ to Q₇, Q₁₁ to Q₁₇, Q₂₁ to Q₂₇, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₇ are eachindependently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group ora salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenylgroup, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.
 2. Thecondensed cyclic compound of claim 1, wherein L₁ is selected from: aphenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, anaphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, arubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, apyrrolylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, animidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, anisothiazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, apyridinylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, an isoindolylene group, an indolylene group, anindazolylene group, a purinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a carbazolylene group, aphenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylenegroup, a phenazinylene group, a benzoimidazolylene group, abenzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, anisobenzothiazolylene group, a benzoxazolylene group, anisobenzoxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group,an oxadiazolylene group, a triazinylene group, a dibenzofuranylenegroup, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, adibenzocarbazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, animidazopyridinylene group, and an imidazopyrimidinylene group; and aphenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, anaphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, arubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, apyrrolylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, animidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, anisothiazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, apyridinylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, an isoindolylene group, an indolylene group, anindazolylene group, a purinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a carbazolylene group, aphenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylenegroup, a phenazinylene group, a benzoimidazolylene group, abenzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, anisobenzothiazolylene group, a benzoxazolylene group, anisobenzoxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group,an oxadiazolylene group, a triazinylene group, a dibenzofuranylenegroup, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, adibenzocarbazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, animidazopyridinylene group, and an imidazopyrimidinylene group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptylgroup, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, abiphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group,a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenylgroup, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, anaphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenylgroup, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, acoronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenylgroup, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, athiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolylgroup, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group,a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and—Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), wherein Q₃₃ to Q₃₅ are each independently selectedfrom a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, abiphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.
 3. Thecondensed cyclic compound of claim 1, wherein L₁ is selected from groupsrepresented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-46:

wherein, in Formulae 3-1 to 3-46, Y₁ is selected from O, S, C(Z₃)(Z₄),N(Z₅), and Si(Z₆)(Z₇), Z₁ to Z₇ are each independently selected fromhydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group,a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, atriazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, and—Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), wherein Q₃₃ to Q₃₅ are each independently selectedfrom a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, abiphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a naphthyl group, d2 is 1 or 2,d3 is an integer selected from 1 to 3, d4 is an integer selected from 1to 4, d5 is an integer selected from 1 to 5, d6 is an integer selectedfrom 1 to 6, d8 is an integer selected from 1 to 8, and * and *′ eachindicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.
 4. The condensed cycliccompound of claim 1, wherein L₁ is selected from groups represented byFormulae 4-1 to 4-45:

wherein, in Formulae 4-1 to 4-45, * and *′ each indicate a binding siteto a neighboring atom.
 5. The condensed cyclic compound of claim 1,wherein a1 is 0, 1, or
 2. 6. The condensed cyclic compound of claim 1,wherein A₁ is selected from: a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group,an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, anacenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenylgroup, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, afuranyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolylgroup, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolyl group, apurinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group,a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group a dibenzosilolyl group, a thiadiazolylgroup, an imidazopyridinyl group, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group; and aphenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group,an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenylgroup, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group,a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenylgroup, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, arubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group,a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, anisoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, anindazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinylgroup, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinylgroup, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group,a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group a dibenzosilolyl group, a thiadiazolylgroup, an imidazopyridinyl group, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptylgroup, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, abiphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group,a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenylgroup, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, anaphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenylgroup, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, acoronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenylgroup, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, athiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolylgroup, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group,a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and—Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), wherein Q₃₃ to Q₃₅ are each independently selectedfrom a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, abiphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.
 7. Thecondensed cyclic compound of claim 1, wherein A₁ is selected from: animidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolylgroup, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolylgroup, an indolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, aphthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, anacridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group,an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, anoxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, and animidazopyrimidinyl group; and an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, athiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolylgroup, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, abenzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, and an imidazopyrimidinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptylgroup, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, abiphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, anindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, anaphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, anisobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group,a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinylgroup, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and—Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), wherein Q₃₃ to Q₃₅ are each independently selectedfrom a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, abiphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.
 8. Thecondensed cyclic compound of claim 1, wherein A₁ is selected from groupsrepresented by Formulae 5-1 to 5-79:

wherein, in Formulae 5-1 to 5-79, Y₃₁ is selected from O, S,C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄), N(Z₃₅), and Si(Z₃₆)(Z₃₇), Z₃₁ to Z₃₇ are each independentlyselected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidgroup or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, atriazinyl group, and —Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), wherein Q₃₃ to Q₃₅ are eachindependently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a naphthylgroup, e2 is 1 or 2, e3 is an integer selected from 1 to 3, e4 is aninteger selected from 1 to 4, e5 is an integer selected from 1 to 5, e6is an integer selected from 1 to 6, e7 is an integer selected from 1 to7, e9 is an integer selected from 1 to 9, and * indicates a binding siteto a neighboring atom.
 9. The condensed cyclic compound of claim 8,wherein A₁ is selected from groups represented by Formulae 5-21 to 5-79.10. The condensed cyclic compound of claim 1, wherein A₁ is selectedfrom groups represented by Formulae 6-1 to 6-43 and Formulae 10-1 to10-121:

wherein, in Formulae 6-1 to 6-43 and 10-1 to 10-121, * indicates abinding site to a neighboring atom.
 11. The condensed cyclic compound ofclaim 1, wherein b1 is 1 or
 2. 12. The condensed cyclic compound ofclaim 1, wherein R₁ to R₁₂ are each independently selected fromhydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, and —Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅), whereinQ₃ to Q₅ are each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and a naphthyl group.
 13. The condensed cyclic compound of claim12, wherein L₁ is selected from: a phenylene group, a naphthylene group,a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylenegroup, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylenegroup, a pyridinylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylenegroup, a pyridazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, a quinazolinylenegroup, a phenanthrolinylene group, a triazinylene group, abenzoimidazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group, and animidazopyrimidinylene group; and a phenylene group, a naphthylene group,a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylenegroup, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylenegroup, a pyridinylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylenegroup, a pyridazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, a quinazolinylenegroup, a phenanthrolinylene group, a triazinylene group, abenzoimidazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group, and animidazopyrimidinylene group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a triazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and—Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), a1 is 0, 1, or 2, A₁ is selected from: a phenylgroup, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a triazinyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, and animidazopyrimidinyl group; and a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenylgroup, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group,a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, atriazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, andan imidazopyrimidinyl group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, ahydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonicacid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group,a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a triazinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, animidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and—Si(Q₃₃)(Q₃₄)(Q₃₅), and b1 is 1 or 2, wherein Q₃₃ to Q₃₅ are eachindependently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a naphthylgroup.
 14. The condensed cyclic compound of claim 1, wherein thecondensed cyclic compound is selected from Compounds 1 to 56:


15. An organic light-emitting device comprising: a first electrode; asecond electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layerbetween the first electrode and the second electrode, the organic layercomprising an emission layer; wherein the organic layer comprises thecondensed cyclic compound of claim
 1. 16. The organic light-emittingdevice of claim 15, wherein the first electrode is an anode, the secondelectrode is a cathode, and the organic layer comprises a hole transportregion between the first electrode and the emission layer, and anelectron transport region between the emission layer and the secondelectrode, wherein the hole transport region comprises at least oneselected from a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a bufferlayer, and an electron blocking layer; and the electron transport regioncomprises at least one selected from a hole blocking layer, an electrontransport layer, and an electron injection layer.
 17. The organiclight-emitting device of claim 16, wherein at least one selected fromthe emission layer and the electron transport region comprises thecondensed cyclic compound.
 18. The organic light-emitting device ofclaim 16, wherein the electron transport region comprises the electrontransport layer, and the electron transport layer comprises thecondensed cyclic compound.
 19. The organic light-emitting device ofclaim 17, wherein the emission layer comprises the condensed cycliccompound.
 20. The organic light-emitting device of claim 19, wherein theemission layer further comprises a dopant, and wherein an amount of thecondensed cyclic compound in the emission layer is greater than anamount of the dopant in the emission layer.